Which statement is true about Wernicke encephalopathy?

• A. It is an acute thiamine deficiency-related encephalopathy that requires prompt treatment with thiamine
• B. It is a chronic memory disorder with confabulation only
• C. It is unrelated to alcohol use
• D. It is primarily a peripheral neuropathy

Answer: (A)

Wernicke encephalopathy is an acute brain disorder caused by thiamine deficiency and requires urgent treatment with thiamine. It often occurs in people with heavy alcohol use or malnutrition, but can occur in other situations of poor nutrition as well. The condition may present with eye movement problems, unsteady gait, and confusion, though not all patients show all signs. Because damage can progress quickly, thiamine should be given promptly and before glucose administration to prevent worsening brain injury.

The statement describing it as a chronic memory disorder with confabulation only refers to Korsakoff syndrome, a later, longer-lasting sequela rather than the acute encephalopathy itself. Saying it is unrelated to alcohol use is incorrect since alcohol misuse is a major risk factor. And it being primarily a peripheral neuropathy is also inaccurate, as Wernicke encephalopathy affects central brain regions rather than peripheral nerves.