What term describes the physical and mental symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance they are dependent on?

• A. Withdrawal
• B. Tolerance
• C. Craving
• D. Relapse

Answer: (A)

Withdrawal is the set of physical and mental symptoms that occur when a person stops using a substance they are dependent on. Dependency changes how the body and brain function, so when use is reduced or stopped, the body reacts as it tries to regain balance. Symptoms can include physical signs like tremors, sweating, nausea, headaches, and sleep disturbances, along with psychological signs such as anxiety, irritability, and cravings. The experience and intensity vary by substance and individual, and some cases may require medical supervision.

Tolerance is about needing more of the substance to achieve the same effect, not the reaction to stopping. Craving refers to the strong desire to use again, not the full withdrawal syndrome. Relapse means returning to substance use after a period of abstinence, not the immediate cessation symptoms.