What is the role of Hepatitis C and HIV screening in people with SUD?

• A. Regular screening and vaccination when appropriate; linkage to care and prevention strategies; infection control and risk-reduction education
• B. Screening only for HIV; no Hep C; vaccination not recommended
• C. Screening is optional; no linkage to care
• D. Vaccination for Hep C is standard; HIV screening not necessary.

Answer: (A)

Regular, integrated screening for both HIV and Hepatitis C is essential in people with substance use disorders because this group has higher rates of these infections and early detection improves treatment outcomes and reduces transmission. The aim is to screen routinely—at intake and at regular intervals based on risk—so anyone who tests positive can quickly be linked to care and treatment. For Hepatitis C, there is no vaccine, but vaccines for Hepatitis A and B should be offered to those at risk to prevent co-infections and further liver damage. HIV has effective treatments, but there is no vaccine for HIV, so timely linkage to HIV care and antiretroviral therapy is crucial if infected. Beyond treatment, prevention strategies and infection-control measures are a key part of care: harm-reduction education, access to sterile injecting equipment, safe injection practices, condom use, and vaccination for Hepatitis A and B when indicated help reduce new infections. This combination of screening, vaccination where appropriate, linkage to care, and prevention efforts best supports health and reduces transmission in people with SUD.